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Construction industry
Release date:
2025-03-24 16:26
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In the construction industry, vacuum pumps and vacuum systems play an indispensable role in several critical stages, significantly boosting the efficiency and quality of engineering projects.
2.1 Vacuum Preloading Method for Strengthening Soft Soil Foundations
In large-scale construction projects, treating soft soil foundations is crucial. The vacuum preloading method, with its unique advantages, has become a commonly used technique. Take a major port construction project as an example: the area features soft soil foundations spanning 500,000 square meters, characterized by high soil moisture content, significant compressibility, and a bearing capacity of only 50 kPa—far below what’s required for the port’s subsequent development needs.
The project employs the vacuum preloading method and utilizes a water-ring vacuum unit. Water-ring vacuum pumps offer significant advantages in this type of application, as they can efficiently handle gases containing both moisture and impurities—exactly what is commonly found in the gas within the foundation's sand wells, which often include water vapor. This vacuum unit consists of multiple water-ring vacuum pumps working in tandem, delivering an impressive pumping rate of up to 100 m³/min. By continuously extracting air from the sand wells in the foundation, a negative-pressure environment is created. Once the vacuum level stabilizes at -80 kPa, the pore water in the foundation soil rapidly drains out due to the resulting pressure differential. Professional monitoring has shown that after just three months of construction, the average settlement of the foundation reached 800 mm, while the soil’s moisture content decreased by 15%. Additionally, the foundation’s bearing capacity improved significantly, rising to 120 kPa. Compared to the traditional surcharge preloading method, this innovative approach has reduced the overall construction timeline by 40%, ensuring that the subsequent port engineering projects can proceed on schedule. The powerful pumping capability of the water-ring vacuum unit enables rapid establishment and stable maintenance of the negative pressure, thereby guaranteeing optimal results for the foundation treatment process.
2.2 Quality Control in Concrete Vacuum Dewatering and Lifting Construction
In engineering projects with stringent requirements for concrete durability, such as hydraulic structures, concrete vacuum dewatering technology is widely used. For instance, in the construction of a major cross-river bridge, the volume of concrete poured for the main bridge box girders reached 30,000 cubic meters.
After the concrete was poured, a rotary vane vacuum pump was used to suction the surface. The rotary vane vacuum pump stands out for its compact size, lightweight design, relatively high pumping speed, and ability to achieve high vacuum levels in a short time—making it ideally suited for working on concrete surfaces. With a pumping capacity of 60 L/min, this vacuum pump effectively removes excess moisture from within the concrete, reducing the water-to-cement ratio from 0.55 to 0.45. Testing revealed that the 28-day compressive strength of the concrete increased from the designed 40 MPa to 48 MPa, while the impermeability grade improved from P8 to P12. Additionally, the number of surface shrinkage cracks decreased by 70%, significantly enhancing the durability and stability of the concrete structure.
In this application, the excellent mobility of the rotary vane vacuum pump allows for flexible operation across large concrete surfaces, making it adaptable to various construction environments. This ensures effective dehydration while simultaneously boosting the overall quality of concrete construction.
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